There are a lot of variables involved in surviving damage to the brain. If you were bleeding heavily, you could die within a number of minutes. Minute bleeding may not cause any problem and you would be able to live a normal life span. The location of the bleeding may also be important. Furthermore, blood causes swelling of the brain tissue, known as edema. This blood can pool, forming a hematoma. This puts pressure on the brain and kills brain cells as well as reducing blood flow. It can lead to stroke, severe headaches, seizures, weakness in an arm or leg, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, tingling or numbness in the body, changes in vision, trouble speaking or understanding, problems reading or writing, difficulty swallowing, hand tremors, loss of coordination or balance, loss of consciousness, or brain damage. Hemorrhaging can also cause a slow or stop of cerebral spinal fluid, causing hydrocephalus. This can result in coma or death.
The doctor can run a number of imaging tests that can reveal internal bleeding or a hematoma. Neurological exams can also show swelling of the optic never. Blood tests and lumbar punctures can show that the cerebral spinal fluid and blood is mixing, as well. Treatment may include medication such as painkillers, corticosteroids, or diuretics to reduce the swelling and anticonvulsants to treat seizures. Enzymatic drugs may be used to treat any blood clots that have formed. The problem may be treated through the use of a catheter passed into the blood vessels to widen or close off blood vessels without brain surgery. Surgery may need to be performed if there is no other treatment available. In this case a craniotomy will be done. An incision is made to lift the skin away from a portion of the skull and a small window is cut in the skull. This will allow the surgeon to treat the bleeding. The piece of bone will be put back in place either during this surgery or later if there is too much swelling, and the incision stitched or stapled closed.
The best course of action for head injuries is to see the doctor, even if you feel fine.
The doctor can run a number of imaging tests that can reveal internal bleeding or a hematoma. Neurological exams can also show swelling of the optic never. Blood tests and lumbar punctures can show that the cerebral spinal fluid and blood is mixing, as well. Treatment may include medication such as painkillers, corticosteroids, or diuretics to reduce the swelling and anticonvulsants to treat seizures. Enzymatic drugs may be used to treat any blood clots that have formed. The problem may be treated through the use of a catheter passed into the blood vessels to widen or close off blood vessels without brain surgery. Surgery may need to be performed if there is no other treatment available. In this case a craniotomy will be done. An incision is made to lift the skin away from a portion of the skull and a small window is cut in the skull. This will allow the surgeon to treat the bleeding. The piece of bone will be put back in place either during this surgery or later if there is too much swelling, and the incision stitched or stapled closed.
The best course of action for head injuries is to see the doctor, even if you feel fine.