Tumor grade is a system used by medical professionals, such as doctors and pathologists, in order to classify cancer cells into different groups dependent upon how severe the cells are. Generally, the severity of cancer cells are classified in terms of how abnormal the cells appear under a microscope and how quickly they're likely to grow and spread. The specific factors used to determine the grade of cancer cells vary with different types of cancer.
There are two main types of tumor grade used. The Histologic grade, also known as differentiation, compares the resemblance of tumor cells with normal cells of the same tissue type. The nuclear grade analyses the shape and size of the tumor cells nucleus and the percentage of cells that are dividing.
Pathologists (doctors who study cells in order to identify disease) commonly classify cancerous tumors (malignant tumors) into four main groups of severity. These are named grade 1 to grade 4, where grade 1 classifies the lower severity cancers and grade 4 classifies the highest. These grades are often referred to as low grade, intermediate grade and high grade.
Lower severity cancers (grade 1, low grade) tend to grow quite slowly. They look fairly similar to normal cells of the same tissue type (well-differentiated), are less aggressive than higher-grade cancer cells and are less likely to spread. Higher severity cancers (grade 3/4, high grade) grow quite rapidly, look very different to the normal cells of the same tissue type (poorly-differentiated), are more aggressive and are very likely to spread. Intermediate grade (grade 2) cancers refer to the middle ground between the two extremes of cancerous cell.
There are other types of grading system used. Some examples of these are the Gleason system, the Bloom-Richardson system and the Fuhrman system.
There are two main types of tumor grade used. The Histologic grade, also known as differentiation, compares the resemblance of tumor cells with normal cells of the same tissue type. The nuclear grade analyses the shape and size of the tumor cells nucleus and the percentage of cells that are dividing.
Pathologists (doctors who study cells in order to identify disease) commonly classify cancerous tumors (malignant tumors) into four main groups of severity. These are named grade 1 to grade 4, where grade 1 classifies the lower severity cancers and grade 4 classifies the highest. These grades are often referred to as low grade, intermediate grade and high grade.
Lower severity cancers (grade 1, low grade) tend to grow quite slowly. They look fairly similar to normal cells of the same tissue type (well-differentiated), are less aggressive than higher-grade cancer cells and are less likely to spread. Higher severity cancers (grade 3/4, high grade) grow quite rapidly, look very different to the normal cells of the same tissue type (poorly-differentiated), are more aggressive and are very likely to spread. Intermediate grade (grade 2) cancers refer to the middle ground between the two extremes of cancerous cell.
There are other types of grading system used. Some examples of these are the Gleason system, the Bloom-Richardson system and the Fuhrman system.